Hammer for crushing machinery



Nov. 5, 1935. J. E. s'rme 2,019,514

HAMMER FOR CRUSHIN MACHINERY Filed July 30, 1932 Various hammers in the past have been pro-- Patented Nov. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

2,019,514 HAIHMER FOR CRUSHING MACHINERY James E.

Stine, Aidan Park, Pa., assignor to Pennsylvania Crusher Company, New York, N. Y., acorporation of New York Application July so, 1932, Serial No. 626,882 8 Claims. (01. 83 -11 posed in which the tip, the portion of the hammer getting the greatest amount of wear, is replaceable and, preferably of a different material from the material from which the shank is made. The primary difiiculty with such hammers, however, has been that the connecting means and shape of the parts has-not been such that the tip may be readily attached to the shank and detached therefrom after use, the battering to which the tip is subjected tending to rivet it in place. Also, such hammers have been unsatisfactory in that the stresses imposed upon the tip have not been properly carried to and through the shank structure, and as aresult the .shank has broken; usually at the eye portion. 7

It is an object of my invention to provide a hammer having a removable tip which may .be readily associated with and dissociated from the hammer shank.

A further object of my invention is to provide a novel hammer with a detachable tip, theparts being so arranged and positioned that the forces applied against the crushing face of the tip may be properly carried through the tip and .through the shank and distributed in such a manner that they are spread comparatively evenly throughout the shank.

Other objects and advantages of my'invention will be apparent from the following specification, claims, and from the drawing, in which:

Figures 1 and 2 are vertical front and side elevations, respectively, the latter partly in section, of one form of hammer with a removable tip, embodying my invention.

Figs. 3 and 4 are verticalfront and side elevations, respectively, the latter partly in section, of a hammer with a removable tip, embodying a modification of .my invention.

Figs. 5 and 6 are vertical front and side ele- 45-. rations of yet another embodiment of my invention, and

Fig. '7 is a view illustrating a-furthermodifaction within the scope of my invention.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the hammer illustrated comprises a shank l0, having adjacent one end aneye l l, whereby it may be mounted upon a rod of the usual rotor structure of a hammer mill (not shown). The opposite end of the shank is formedat the forward portion with a-face 12,

preferably inclined, adapted to conform substantially to an inner surface I3 of a removable hammer tip 14'. Intermediate the ends of theshank and. preferably slightly beyond a point midway between the axis of the eye and the outermost 5 end of the hammer tip [4, when in assembled position, such shank may be provided with a groove l5 extending across its rear edge [6, into which a hinge pin il, carried by the upper end of the hammer tip l4, fits. The pin H is pref- 10' erab'l-y integral with flanges or cars t8, forming part of the tip and spaced apart a distance equal to or greater than the thickness of the shank. The shank may have bosses a: to prevent itdropping between the disks of the rotor structure 15' when not in use.

By this construction, in operation, the rear face of the tip will bear against the-face 12 of the lower front end of the shank 16- and, also, against the rear side of theshank-at a point ad- 20 jacent the transverse median line of the assembled structure. Thus the impact of the tip against material within the crusher is trans:- mitted to the shanknot only at its lowermost end but at a point remote from such end and is properly distributed through the'shankto' the metal about the eye. In operation the hammer tip is held in place, as illustrated in Fig. 2,. not only by the rotation of the shank and; by the impact of the tip with the material in the crusher, but also by any suitable means, such as a key l9, which may be inserted between the shank and tip and bent to engage the shank and prevent the tip from falling-from the shank when 1 the millis stopped. The shan-k'may be recessed to receive the bent end of the key and, if desired, the tip may be recessed to receive the key. The hammer shankmay be provided with bosses a: to prevent its dropping between the disks of the rotor structure whennot in use.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in- Figs. S -and 4, I have shown a shank ill of substantially the same shape as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In the end of this shank opposite the eyes. slot 25 is formed, into which may fit the tongue portion 26 of a removabletip H. The tongue 26' is of substantially the same Width as the slot 25 in the shank Ilia-and carries at its upper end bosses or projections forming a=hinge pin l'ladapted'to fit in grooves i 5 formed in the rear edges of the slotted portion of the shank m The function ofthis structure is identical with that of the structu-re shownin Figs. l and 2;

thismodi-fication theremovable hammer-tip is narrower than that shown in -Figs. -1 and; 2; be

ing of substantially the same thickness as the shank and is suitable for crushing types of material differing from those which may be crushed by hammers of the character shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In order to hold the tip M in position when the hammer is in motion, it may be keyed in place by a wedge block 21, entering the slot 25 between the tip and the upper end of said slot and held in position therein by a transversely disposed pin 28.

The embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is essentially similar to the embodiments of my invention previously described, but the shank I0 is formed with a seat 12 within an enlarged end 30 opposite the eye; the tip having portions 3| on opposite sides engaging such seat, while the inner faces of the lateral outer portions of the tip engage the inclined faces l2 of the shank. In this arrangement the tip M is formed with a tongue 26 carrying a hinge pin or support l' l essentially similar to the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 precludes the possibility of any lateral play of the tip within or about the end of the shank. If desired the tip M may be held in place by a key [9 with its end bent into engagement with the shank in the same manner as in the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The seat for such key may be formed partly in the tip and partly in the side portions of the split end of the shank carrying the faces I2 as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6.

v The substantially pivotal supporting connection between the forms of tips shown in the strucr tures illustrated in Figs. 4 and 6 and the slotted shanks Ill and l comprises bosses or projections I! and I! carried by the respective tongues 26 and 26 fitting complementary recesses formed in the rear edges of the shanks at the slotted portions of the same. In lieu of such arrangement I may provide the shanks with substantially rounded bosses or projections l5 and form on opposite faces of said tongues 26 and 26 concave projections 29 which engage said bosses l5 and provide the desired support or abutment for the upper end of said tips; such arrangement being illustrated in Fig. '7.

Among the common functions of the three illustrated embodiments of my invention are that the tip, reg ardless of the amount of use, is not wedged into the shank and hence is as easily removable after severe use as when originally inserted; and secondly, the forces passing through the tip are evenly and uniformly transmitted to the shank, a portion through both the front and rear faces.

From the structures above described and illustrated it will be obvious that hammers may be made of numerous sizes and shapes and adapted for different crushing purposes, and other changes made, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as set forth in the following claims.

' I claim: I

1. A hammer adapted for use with crushing structures, comprising a shank having one end partly cut away at an angle and providing an inclined end terminating in a shoulder in the longitudinal axis of the hammer, and a removable tip having side flanges 1 adapted to fit about said shank and having atits upper end a hinge pin or projection connecting said flanges; said shank having a groove adapted to receive said hinge pin, and said tip having a complementary angular face to engage theangular end of said shank with a portion engaging the shoulder at the end of the same.

2. A hammer for use with crushing structures, comprising a shank having one end partly cut away at an angle and providing a shoulder longitudinally of said shank at the end of said angular face, a tip removably attached to said shank; said tip comprising a head carried by arms embracing the shank and hinged to the rear wall of said shank at a point remote from its angular end;- said head having an angular shank-contacting surface adapted to fit closely against the angular forward side of said shank and the shoulder at its lower end, and keying means retaining the tip and shank in operative relation disposed between the angular contacting surfaces of said parts. I

3. A hammer for use with crushing structures, comprising a shank having one end partly cut away at an angle and providing a shoulder longitudinally of said shank at the end of said angular 1 face, a removable tip comprising a head with an angular shank-contacting surface adapted to fit closely against the angular forward side of said shank and the shoulder at its lower end; said tip having flanges adapted to fit about said shank a with their upper ends connected by a hinge pin; the rear face of said shank having a groove adapted to carry said hinge pin, and locking means interposed between the engaging angular faces on the angular'end of said shank and the inner an angular surface of said tip.

4. A hammer for use with crushing structures, comprising a shank for pivotal mounting and having an angular face opposite its pivotal connection, a removable tip comprising a head havmg flanges adapted to fit about said shank with their ends opposite the head connected by a hinge pin; said shank having a groove adapted to receive said hinge pin, and said tip having an angular face in engagement with the angular a face of the shank, and locking means cooperating with said angular faces and engaging said shank.

5. A hammer for" use with a rotary crusher, comprising a shank apertured at one end for pivotal mounting and having its opposite end cut 45 away at an angle to provide a diagonally inclined edge face; said shank having its diagonally faced end slotted and having its rear edge provided with a groove remote from said slotted end, a removable tip comprising a head with a projecting tongue adapted to fit within the slotted end of said shank, a pin carried'by said tongue and engaging-the groove in thefrear edge of said shank; the head of said tip having a diagonally inclined surface for engagement with 56 the forward diagonally inclined edge of the shank, and a lOCkil'lg key disposed between the diagonally inclined surfaces of the shank and tip.

6. A hammer for-use with a rotary crusher, comprising a shank provided with an eye for 60 pivotal mounting and having a seat including angular faces formed in its end opposite the eye portion with a'slot passing completely through said seat end; said shank having a groove in its rear surface remote from saidseat end, a re- 05 movable tip having a head with angular portions to fit the angular end of the shank and a surface adapted to fit saidseat and a tongue carrying a hinge pin adapted topass through said slot; said hinge pin seating in the groove formed in the rear wall of said shank, and locking means cooperating with the engaging angular faces of the tip and shank and having an end seated in a. recess in said shank.

Z 7. A hammer-forfluse with a rotary crusher, 5

comprising a shank partly cut away at an angle and providing a shoulder at one end of said angular face with a notch at the opposite end thereof, a tip removably attached to said shank; said tip being removably pivoted to the rear wall of said shank and having a head with an angular shank-contacting surface adapted to engage the forward angular side of said shank adjacent its end, and a key interposed between the shank and 10 tip for holding the latter in place; one end of said key being bent to engage the notch in the edge of the shank.

8. A hammer for use with a rotary crusher, comprising a shank having one end partly cut away at an angle and providing a shoulder longitudinally of said shank at one end of said angular face and a recess at the opposite end thereof, a tip removably attached to said shank; said tip being hinged to the rear wall of said shank at a point remote from its angular end and having a head with an angular shank-contacting surface adapted to fit closely against the angular forward side of said shank and the shoulder at its lower end, and a flat key disposed between the 10 angular contacting surfaces of the shank and tip 1 and having one end bent into engagement with the recess formed in said shank.

JAMES E. STINE. 

